Coolie Trade Ships and the Americas: Cuba, Peru, Jamaica
The Crossing
Between 1847 and 1874, roughly a quarter of a million men from the Wuyi (五邑, Wǔyì) counties of Guangdong were carried across the Pacific under contracts that made them neither fully free nor fully enslaved. They went to the sugar plantations of Cuba, the…
Between 1840 and 1940, over two million people left the five counties of the Wuyi (\u4e94\u9091) region in southern Guangdong \u2014 one of the largest sustained regional migrations in modern history. Taishan (\u53f0\u5c71) sent its sons to build the transcontinental railroad and fill San Francisco's Chinatown. Kaiping (\u5f00\u5e73) raised diaolou towers with Canadian gold and…
The Wuyi region—comprising Xinhui, Taishan, Kaiping, Heshan, and Enping counties in Guangdong—is renowned for its distinctive culture shaped by centuries of migration and ethnic integration. Situated at the junction between the Pearl River Delta and the rugged hills of western Guangdong, Wuyi’s unique identity is a product of diverse ethnicities and historical narratives merging into…
The mid-19th century marked a dark yet transformative period in Chinese migration history, dominated by the global coolie trade (苦力贸易). Tens of thousands of laborers, predominantly from Guangdong’s Taishan, Xinhui, and Enping counties, were swept into this exploitative system. Between 1840 and 1874, over 200,000 Chinese workers were shipped to destinations such as Peru, Cuba,…
Imagine stepping into an ancestral hall (宗祠, zōngcí)—its wooden beams creak under the weight of centuries, yet every inch tells a story. The air carries the faint scent of incense, and on the walls hang scrolls detailing names, dates, and achievements—a living record of your family’s journey through time. For overseas Chinese communities, Chinese genealogy…
When I was born on November 12, 1866, the Qing Dynasty had just extinguished the last embers of the Taiping Rebellion . The Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864) was one of the deadliest civil wars in history, led by Hong Xiuquan , a failed scholar who claimed to be the younger brother of Jesus Christ. He sought…