Between 1850 and 1950, millions of Chinese emigrants sent home letters unlike any correspondence in human history. Each one was simultaneously a love letter, a bank transfer, a household budget, and a legal document — all folded into a single piece of paper. These were qiaopi (侨批, qiáopī), the "overseas Chinese correspondence-remittances" that sustained an…
A guide to reading qiaopi — the remittance letters that sustained Wuyi families for a century. Five representative letters with full translations and analysis, revealing the formula, the feeling, and the family dynamics encoded in every silver letter.